Cosmetic Surgery Risky and Unnecessary Surgery Essay

Is cosmetic or plastic surgery helpful, or damaging to an individual’s mind and body? The two main branches of plastic surgery are reconstructive and cosmetic (â€Å"Plastic Surgery Addicts†). This is the reason why the terms cosmetic and plastic are used interchangeably in the medical field. Some people may think that all surgery is the same, although cosmetic and reconstructive surgeries are not identical. The difference is that reconstructive surgery is used to fix parts of the body that are damaged (Lee). Cosmetic surgery is used in removing, altering or rearranging tissues of the body (Lee). The word plastic does not actually refer to real plastic. â€Å"Plastic surgery† comes from the Greek word â€Å"plastikos†, which means to shape or mold†¦show more content†¦This is called body dysmorphic disorder, commonly referred to as BDD. BDD can lead to many concerns, such as school dropouts and suicides (Olesen 28-29). For instance, one fourth of pre-teens ages nine to thirteen have looked negatively upon themselves (â€Å"Teens†). Other people may think that surgery will solve their depression, anxiety and/or marriage and relationship issues. Depression is not something that will just go away; it needs to be gradually worked on. The individual may feel better for a little while, but their depression is still bound to return. The same goes with anxiety. Getting help from someone specialized with disorders would be a better option. As far as marriage is concerned, some men and women criticize their spouses. They may think that altering their body will make their partner happier and want to stay with them. Surgery cannot change life’s predicaments. For example, with intimacy issues, a woman may think that the size of her breasts relates to this problem. Is a spouse that is so judgmental and controlling really worth staying with? The media, magazines, advertising and the internet are an enormous influence on indi viduals. A person may feel pressure to look like a model that they see in a magazine, or a celebrity on television. Many television shows, especially reality ones, pay greater attention to beauty rather thanShow MoreRelatedCosmetic Surgery on Teenagers Essay902 Words   |  4 Pages1. In the first two texts there are numerous views concerning adolescent cosmetic surgery. Among these views are, for example, Diana Zuckerman, president of the National Research Center for Women and Families, whom are mentioned in both texts. As she is quoted in the second text , Seeking Self-Esteem Through Surgery, an article by Camille Sweeney, posted on New York Times website, January 15 anno 2009, â€Å"They may not be any happier with their new look, then what?†. Said quote depicts quite wellRead More The Truth about Cosmetic Surgery Essay1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe Truth about Cosmetic Surgery Cosmetic surgery has become one of the most popular trends in America today. Whether you are reading a magazine, watching the news, or a television program, you are likely to see something about cosmetic surgery. Within the past year, there have been several television programs dedicated to people â€Å"bettering† themselves through body augmenting surgeries. Millions of people undergo risky surgery every year simply to improve or enhance a feature or body part.Read MorePlastic Surgery And Its Effects On Society844 Words   |  4 PagesReal-Life Photoshop Plastic Surgery is defined as the process of reconstructing or repairing parts of the body, either in the treatment for injury or cosmetic reason. Just like any other topic, plastic surgery has both negative and positive attributes. Depending on the opinion, there may be more of one than that of the other, but in the case of this paper there are more negative. Plastic surgery has been deemed acceptable by countless celebrities and television shows, and has left a huge not soRead MorePlastic Surgery And Its Body / Appearance1145 Words   |  5 PagesPaper Plastic Surgery to Enhance One’s Body/Appearance A person may enhance one’s appearance in a number of ways. Methods such as make up and plastic surgeries are the most common ways to alter a person’s look. However society is very hypocritical of plastic surgery and considers it to be immoral or scandalous. People may disapprove of plastic surgery because of claims that it is done for vanity, the drastic, irreversible effects it may do to the body, and how dangerous and risky the proceduresRead MorePlastic Surgery And Cosmetic Surgery1496 Words   |  6 PagesPlastic surgery has become an extremely popular trend throughout the past years of the American culture. There are many reasons why people get plastic surgery, however, our society is the first to judge an individual for getting a procedure done. The controversy regarding plastic surgery is extremely relevant and has received major attention through celebrities, television, and social media. However, many individuals are unaware that there is a difference betwee n both plastic surgery and cosmetic surgeryRead MoreEssay on The Risks of Cosmetic Surgery1466 Words   |  6 Pagesyou aware of the risks and disadvantages of cosmetic surgery? Cosmetic surgery can be very risky and dangerous if you are not aware of the outcomes. If you are thinking of going through a procedures you need to do a lot of research of what the pros and cons of the procedure you are about to undergo. Cosmetic surgeries are done all over the world and the pricing varies depending on the surgeons, and it can be very expensive. The outcome of the surgery won’t always come to what you wanted but stillRead MoreCosmetic Surgery: A Quick Fix? Essay1252 Words   |  6 Pages What was once a surgery performed primarily to restore, is now used to enhance a person’s face and body. Cosmetic surgery, which is said to have been â€Å"used more than 4,000 years ago to treat facial injuries† (Fresh Faces) is now considered a common activity among any kind of person. This surgery first gained popularity in the 1910’s after World War I, among soldiers with shattered war faces in need of repair. Later, it became a popular trend among women, who were mostly from high-classRead MoreWomen and Cosmetic Surgeires Essay1358 Words   |  6 PagesPlastic surgery, a newly developed industry worldwide, has made both positive and negative impacts in people’s daily life. As the economic boost, people no longer have to spend 90 percent of their income on food, instead they do investment on land property, luxury goods that can hedging or even make money after an investment cycle. The boost economy also drives the media industry grow rapidly which urging a group of super models and fashion actresses well-known among people especially female groupRead MoreCosmetic Surgery Research Paper2102 Words   |  9 Pagesworth it. What really is beauty, and why are people so obsessed with it? These days there is a cosmetic procedure to fix any kind of issue that someone thinks they need to have, anything ranging from getting cosmetic dentistry work to getting liposuction. Today, people are under the impression that they have to do whatever it takes to be â€Å"perfect† even if that means going through extensive cosmetic surgery. People should embrace who they are for what God made them to be. A celebrity is who everyoneRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1136 Words   |  5 PagesAnimal experimentation is not the most accurate testing, just because some medicine and cosmetic product pass an animal test it doesn’t mean it has a beneficial effect on humans. Animal tests have evolved in many ways throughout history in negative and positive ways. A strong negative being that we are different from animals but not just animals we are also different from each other. There are many arguments that we humans wouldn’t be where we are today if it wasn’t for reliance on animal testing

The Roman Empire - 890 Words

Whenever the word â€Å"Roman† is uttered my brain quickly references the many history books and movies that depict the mighty Romans one dimensionally. They commonly portray the Roman as bronze, muscular, overly macho men who are quick to the sword. In part, the literature we have read in this course has reinforced this idea. The stories in texts like Plutarch s Lives, Suetonius’s The Twelve Caesars, and Connolly’s Ancient City to some extent help perpetuate this idea of the Roman character. The Roman qualities highlighted in these books are: their military superiority, sympathetic nature (to their conquest), piousness, and their intellect. Although these texts help to fortify the importance of the Romans military they also help to round out the Roman character by showing that they are much more than just skilled soldiers. When discussing the Romans and their qualities it is impossible to overlook their military might. Ancient Rome had one of the most powerful and virtually undefeated military forces of their time. Their massive expansion of the Roman Empire attests to this fact. At the height of their Empire the Romans had conquered multiple countries throughout Western Europe. Thanks to their advance military Rome became head of the world. The importance of their military force is seen throughout our readings. Both texts by Suetonius and Plutarch offer extensive examples of how the Romans were first and foremost soldiers. The examples in Plutarch’s Lives are so numerousShow MoreRelatedThe Roman And Roman Empire1068 Words   |  5 PagesThe Roman Empire, which was centered in the city of Rome, was the most extensive western civilization of ancient times. With its major advancements and prosperity it is hard to believe that the Roman Empire suddenly collapsed and fell into a time known as the Dark Ages. After a period of struggles for the Roman Empire, the empire gradually fell. Rome was the most successful civilization of its time. Its strategic location in the center of the Italian Peninsula and the fertile plains that supportedRead MoreThe Roman Of Roman Empire Essay1234 Words   |  5 Pages The Roman scutum was a large body shield used in battles, sieges, and gladiator fights. The scutum was used from the early Roman Republic until the third century CE and helped to define many of the Roman battle tactics that made them so successful. The curved, semi-cylindrical design provided full-body protection and was especially used in the testudo formation during sieges. The Roman Scutum is a perfect example of the military genius of the Roman Legion. The Roman Empire was created from theRead MoreThe Roman Empire1469 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Roman Empire. The Roman way of life and â€Å"Pax Romana† set up a standard of what defined civilization great. However, what was it that made the Roman life great? Was it the rules, the system of government, the virtues of the people? I believe what made the Romans so mighty was a blessing from God due to the outpouring revival of their hearts. However, to fully understand how their hearts were revived for Christ and how God had His hand on them we must take a look at the past of the Romans AfterRead MoreRoman Empire871 Words   |  4 PagesThe Roman Empire is known as one of the greatest empires of all time, blossoming politically, economically, and culturally. Rome was quickly expanding, reaching as far as North Africa. When Octavian came into power, the Pax Romana, or â€Å"Roman Peace,† began. However, this long peace may have triggered the beginning of the end of the Roman Empire. Because Rome was not distracted by conquering foreign lands, its citizens relaxed and lived in luxury. There did not seem to be any goals they did notRead MoreThe Roman Empire And The Romans1815 Words   |  8 PagesIn Roman history, it is often true that history was written by the victors, and given the large expansion of the Roman Empire, the Romans likely wrote over the accounts of the civilizations they took over, adapting the new provinces into their way of life and assimilating Roman culture into new facets of outlying territories way of life. The Roman Empire and Aug ustus had the ambition to expand north, going east of the Rhine where they had never gone, to take over new territory and the tribes thatRead MoreThe Roman Empire1551 Words   |  7 PagesStep 1: Plan What kind of technology in the Roman Empire affect its growth the most? I will be investigating from the start of the Roman Empire in 753 BCE to when the Western Roman Empire fell in 476 CE. This investigation will have a broad scope while investigating and include things from the Roman Legion to aqueducts and concrete. This investigation will not include technology that was not widely used to better the Roman Empire. The research question will answer my question by conducting researchRead MoreThe Roman Empire Essay1697 Words   |  7 Pages The Roman Empire, arguably one of the greatest civilizations to have ever ruled here on earth. The story is that it was founded by two brothers, Romulus and Remus, sons of Mars, the God of war, and raised by a she-wolf. After killing his brother for crossing his wall, Romulus went on to become the first king of Rome, which was named for him. Later when the men of Rome wanted noble women to be the mothers of their children, they conceived of a plan that included deceiving the Sabin’s and kidnappingRead MoreThe Roman Empire912 Words   |  4 PagesPaper B To many people, the mention of the Roman Empire invokes thoughts of gladiators, debauchery, and the abuse of power. To others, it brings visualizations of classic statues, beautiful temples, and mythological gods. The Roman Empire was all of that and more. The saying, â€Å"Rome wasn’t built in a day† is true and its fall and decline happened gradually as well. Ancient Rome has inspired volumes of historical works, theatrical plays, and even movies in more recent times. More specifically,Read MoreThe Roman Empire Essay1216 Words   |  5 Pagesvictory. Romulus’s story influenced many Romans but, what really happened was Romans were under Etruscan rule for many years as slaves until the Romans rebelled and overthrew their masters. Romans were discouraged by Greece thinking Rome would be easily swept away. Rome was attacked by many barbaric tribes including fighting a war with the Etruscans but triumphed again and again. Rome started with nothing and worked it s way to the top, as nothing could break the Roman spirit, and their drive to dominateRead MoreThe Roman Empire903 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the greatest empires in history is the Roman Empire, but ironically what makes it one of the greatest is also what lead it to start falling apart. In other words, many different factors lead Rome to its success and prosperity, but these factors also are the ones that initialize the ruin of the republic. Different authors such as Polybius, Cicero, Sallust and Plutarch describe several of these factors that lead the Roman Empire to its glory and failure. Polybius relates Rome’s success to its

Can You Get a Passport if You Owe Back Taxes

Under current federal law, if you owe the IRS a â€Å"seriously delinquent† tax debt you will not be able to get or renew a U.S. passport unless you meet certain conditions. Once the U.S. State Department receives â€Å"certification† of such tax debt from the IRS, it will not issue a new passport or renew an existing passport. In addition, under IRS 7345, the State Department can restrict the use of a passport or revoke it entirely.   As of 2019, the law defines a â€Å"seriously delinquent† tax debt as at least $52,000 including interest and penalties. The amount must be adjusted annually for inflation and the IRS can only notify the State Department of your tax debt if:   The IRS has filed a notice of federal tax lien, and you have already had or missed your legally-required tax Collection Due Process hearing, orThe IRS has issued an official tax levy against you.   However, you may still be able to get a passport if one or more of the following circumstances apply to you:   You have negotiated an IRS installment payment agreement and are making payments as required.You have settled your debt with the IRS via an offer in compromise, or a settlement agreement with the U.S. Department of Justice.The IRS has notified you of a levy or lien, but you have requested a Collection Due Process hearing.You have requested â€Å"Innocent Spouse Relief† and the IRS has suspended the collection levy against you.   These regulations on passports and taxes are part of the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act, enacted in 2015 to provide dependable, long-term funding for surface transportation infrastructure planning and investment. Billions Uncollected From Scofflaws How many billions of dollars go uncollected from those trying to get a passport? According to the Government Accountability Office, the independent investigative arm of Congress, about 224,000 of the 16 million people who sought to get a passport in 2008 owed at least $5.8 billion in federal taxes. And the IRS could do nothing about it. If thats doesnt meet the definition of fecklessness, we dont know what does. IRS enforcement of federal tax laws is vital - not only to identify tax offenders - but also to promote broader compliance by giving taxpayers confidence that others are paying their fair share, the GAO wrote in April 2011. As federal deficits continue to mount, the federal government has a vital interest in efficiently and effectively collecting the billions of dollars of taxes owed under current law. Clearly, the taxes not paid by these passport seekers contribute to the nation’s $350 billion a year â€Å"tax gap,† the difference between the annual amount of taxes owed and the amount voluntarily paid on time. The tax gap results in higher taxes for all Americans increase the national federal deficit and reduces the level and quality of service the federal government can offer. Examples of Tax Cheats Getting a Passport The GAO study found numerous egregious examples of tax cheats who successfully applied to get a passport in 2008. They included a gambler who owed $46.6 million in back taxes, a World Bank employee who owed $300,000 to the IRS, and a State Department contractor who neglected to pay $100,000 to the government. The GAOs investigation of 25 specific passport applications found 10 people who had been indicted or convicted of federal laws. Some of these individuals accumulated substantial wealth and assets, including million-dollar houses and luxury vehicles, while failing to pay their federal taxes, the report found. Should Tax Cheats Get a Passport? Theres an easy solution to the problem, according to the GAO: Pass legislation allowing the IRS and State Department to work together to identify tax cheats and deny them their right to get a passport. If Congress is interested in pursuing a policy of linking federal tax debt collection to passport issuance, it may consider taking steps to enable State to screen and prevent individuals who owe federal taxes from receiving passports, the GAO concluded. Screening those trying to get a passport for tax cheats shouldnt be too difficult. The federal government already restricts the issuance of passport to people who, for example, owe more than $2,500 in back child support payments. Such legislation could have the potential to help generate substantial collections of known unpaid federal taxes and increase tax compliance for tens of millions of Americans holding passports, the GAO report recommended. Updated by Robert Longley

African American’S Have Been Inferior To Whites For Nearly

African American’s have been inferior to Whites for nearly 100 years. Moreover, experiencing the forefront of brutality, racism, and discrimination of this great nation. Baldwin, King, and Coate write informative letters addressing the lifestyle forced upon blacks, due to the misguided tradition. The authors express the benefits of the injudicious customs for Whites at the price of slavery, injustice, and violence towards Black Americans. Baldwin, King, and Coate overflow their letters with hope, faith, and love to educate people when they’re in their darkest hour. â€Å"My Dungeon Shook† by James Baldwin embraces one’s identity through extracting love from his race of people and to stay strong. He infers that you should not concentrate on the†¦show more content†¦Baldwin states, â€Å"You must accept them and accept them with love; for these innocent people have no other hope, they are in effect still trapped in a history which they do not under ; and until they understand it they cannot be released from it† (pp.2). Baldwin asserts not to transform oneself, rather be humble and hopeful. The second letter, â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†, Martin Luther King Jr. aim is civil disobedience, nonviolence, and the church. He believes ensuring equality and integrity is the church responsibility. He argues, â€Å"In spite of my shattered dreams of the past, I came to Birmingham with the hope that the white religion leadership of this community would see the justice of our causes and with deep moral concern serve as the channel through which our grievance could get to the power structure; I had hope that each of you would understand; But again I have been disappointed† (pp. 5). Kings assert that the main problem captivating society is the injustice and segregation of Black Americans. Moreover, he states, â€Å"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere; we are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny; whatever affects one directly affects all indirectly † (pp.1). This implies that our lives are entang led within each other’s well-being when one man hurts we all hurt. King attempts to break the unjust law through a nonviolent campaign as a solution to theShow MoreRelatedChicago Race Riots Of 19191197 Words   |  5 PagesRace Riots of 1919 helped to further show how African Americans are looked as inferior, not just within the citizens of the United States, but the Congress and criminal justice system. White and black beaches were separated by an invisible line; the black beach on 25th street and whites on 29th street. The story of Eugene Williams swimming on the beach worsened after a white police officer, Dan Callahan, refused to intervene or arrest the group of white men responsible for his death, in turn startingRead MoreWas Marcus Garvey The Most Significant African American Civil Rights Leader?1606 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent was Marcus Garvey the most significant African American civil rights leader in the period 1865-1945? The period between 1865 and 1945 saw some of the most dramatic social, political and economic changes in America. The key issue of black civil rights throughout this period was advocated and led by a range of significant, emotive and inspiring leaders. Marcus Garvey was a formidable public speaker and is often named as the most popular black nationalist leader of the early twentiethRead MoreThe Civil War And Reconstruction Periods1118 Words   |  5 Pagesfailure. The post Civil War, and Reconstruction period consisted of the formation of the Ku Klux Klan and the black code laws. Despite the fact that African American’s were no longer slaves, in many ways they were still not free. Furthermore, the creation of things such as the Ku Klux Klan and the black codes created high tension between the black and white races, a tension that can be argued is still present in modern day America. This essay will examine the aspects of how the post Civil War and ReconstructionRead MoreEssay about Ethnocentrism968 Words   |  4 Pagesethnocentrism does exist in our world and society, often confusing it with patriotism. However, many do not realize that ethnocentrism is, has been, and continues to be a leading cause for violence in America. Different ethnic groups such as African Americans and Native Americans have suffered through years of violent crimes against them because of the white man’s ethnocentric views of themselves when compared with other races and cultures. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ethnocentrism began to developRead MoreEssay about Ethnocentrism: Race and Violence958 Words   |  4 Pagesethnocentrism does exist in our world and society, often confusing it with patriotism. However, many do not realize that ethnocentrism is, has been, and continues to be a leading cause for violence in America. Different ethnic groups such as African Americans and Native Americans have suffered through years of violent crimes against them because of the white mans ethnocentric views of themselves when compared with other races and cultures. Ethnocentrism began to develop in America long before weRead MoreAfrican People s Fight For Independence And Racial Equality Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pagesrace, especially to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or races. Nelson Mandela an iconic figure for the black movement once said â€Å"No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.† Nelson Mandela, was at the forefront of the South African people s fight for independence andRead MoreRacism And White Supremacy For African Americans1288 Words   |  6 Pages For centuries Africa American’s have been stripped from their freedom, their history, and their human rights due to racism and white supremacy. However, in 1868 there was a light at the end of the tunnel, African Americans th ought there was an end to racism and the beginning of equality when the 14th Amendment was created. The 14th Amendment stated, â€Å"All persons born in the United States are citizens of the United States†¦ no state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privilegesRead MoreColonial American Slavery Essay examples1458 Words   |  6 Pagesestablished more permanent lands and sources of food following their discovery of agriculture. They were very diverse people and practiced different customs than those of Europeans. Aside from the Spanish, who demanded direct control of Native American’s, Europeans quickly established trade relationships with Natives which consisted of manufactured goods for furs and labor. The customs of natives included many oral traditions used to pass on religion and ancestry, leaving much of their experienceRead MoreAfter Effects Of The American Revolution2083 Words   |  9 Pagesthey were a part of Britain, so paying taxes did not annoy them at first; however once they saw that more taxes such as the Stamp Quartering Act of 1765, were being placed on them without representation of their colonies and were being treated inferior to England towns, they began to rebel in small outbursts. In March 5, 1770, the Boston Massacre was spark that began the war — causing a rippling effect throughout the colonies and people, which created a variety of opportunities and consequencesRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pagessociety is the causation that the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is originally banned. Just one month after its publication. Not suitable for trash†,† was the opinion of the Concord, Massac husetts, librarians who banned it in 1885. Nearly 130 years since then, this novel has been challenged, defended, banned, expurgated and bowdlerized numerous times by parents, educators, publishers, and librarians. It is currently ranked number 14 on the top 100 Banned/Challenged books in America† (Ruta). The poignant

Creon And Antisane In Sophocless Antigone - 871 Words

In the play Antigone, written by Sophocles, king Creon created a law that denied proper burial rites to anyone who invaded or betrayed the city of Thebes. Antigone defied this law by burying her brother, Polynices, after he was harshly accused of being a traitor. Both Creon and Antigone showed an unbending passion toward their perception of justice, unwilling to accept that honoring the law and honoring the individual conscience were both justified in different ways. The stubbornness that they shared lead them both to meet their downfalls, which conveyed the idea that being too proud to accept guidance from others ultimately leads to dire consequences. The moral compasses of Creon and Antigone pointed in opposing directions, which†¦show more content†¦Antigone’s argument with her sister about her plans to defy the king is the scene that opens the play. From the start, she appears certain that burying Polynices will restore justice when she says, â€Å"even if I die in the act, that death will be a glory† (Sophocles 86). She is so sure of the immorality of Creon’s law that she is willing to go to any means necessary to keep him from using her brother as a cautionary tale. In the philosophical statement made by Martin Luther King Jr., he says that, â€Å"An individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the highest respect for the law.† Antigone stood alone in defending her brothers honor, and did not waver from her beliefs at any p oint. She was willing to go to great lengths in order to show the injustice within Creon’s law, and the risk of punishment had no effect on these intentions. Antigone took willful stance on the conflict, which dramatized the story by creating an intense conflict between two characters with strikingly similar characteristics. Creon emanates great pride throughout the play. He believes that since he is the king, whether his laws are unjust or not, Thebans

Liverpool free essay sample

Hamlets soliloquies both Influence are Influenced by plot. It Is through the soliloquies that the intrinsic theme of Hamlets procrastination is extended and realised by the audience. If he did not constantly remind us of his Inaction through self-directed harangues, the audience would scarcely notice his procrastination nor realise the extent to which he agonises over his inexplicable delay. The first and second soliloquies function in bringing this to light. The former does this through Hamlets violent criticism of himself- l am pigeon-liverd and lack gall to make ppression bitter-and at the through revealing that doubt of the ghosts validity has weakened his purpose. In the second, Hamlet contemplates how enterprises of great pitch and moment (as his resolution to avenge his father) lose their name of acuon by thinking too much about them. To examine the importance of soliloquies in terms of how they contribute to action, It is first necessary to define the nature of this action. What must be understood is that Hamlet is largely a play about inaction. The plot centres on his persistent Irresolution to fulfil his filial and moral duty. In Hamlets second soliloquy, he begins o, what a rogue and peasant slave am l! He compares his dismal deficiency In passion to an actor, who had tears in his eyes. distraction In his aspect for a work of fiction. More importantly, it is because of his soliloquies that action eludes him. He is cursed with an excessive meditative faculty- by concentrating too much on whether or not he should act, the native hue of resolution is sicklied over with the pale cast of thought. Action characteristically influences further action- it is a never-ending and overlapping sequence of cause nd effect. Hence, we should not consider soliloquies as isolated passages- but should broaden the scope of analysis to Judge how they act as a catalyst for future events. Hamlet makes a profound decision to use a play to determine the validity of the ghost and catch the conscience of the king. This decision leads to a vital turning point, and dictates the plots direction from there on. The third soliloquy follows the second without any section in between where Hamlet interacts with other characters. After indulging in this prolific amount of self-pity and arousing acute melancholy, his bnormally violent reaction to Ophelias rejection Is not so surprising- especially when he just reflected on the pangs of diprizd love. Plot fluctuations hence are highly dependent on Hamlets soliloquies, and therefore play a significant role In the action of the play. Hamlets character is filled out and further clarified through his soliloquies, and hence the Interpretation of our hero very much depends on them. These Intimate revelations permit the audience to examine and discern Hamlets true emotions. On scrutiny by the enure kingdom, It Is necessary to constrain or disguise real feeling In he presence of others. One palpable impression that is portrayed via his to be or not to be soliloquy Is his fixation and yearning for death, and conversely his disgust at the banality of life. Melancholy has completely percolated his character, until existence seems nothing but a mortal coil- something which ropes him down 1 OF3 repugnance earlier during his conversation with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, his already pessimistic attitude has exacerbated since then, so that he teeters near the brink of suicide. A release from the Whips scorns insolence and pangs annexed to Weary life has become something devoutly to be wished. His sensitivity to the injustice in the world marks his idealistic desire for a moral world. Integrity is especially important to him, and he agonises over which is nobler; to endure lifes ills with patience, or to take arms against them in intrepid defiance. This value also links to his struggle to define truth. While some regard Hamlet as enigmatic and profound, others interpret Hamlets soliloquies as little more than another example of extreme introversion. Indeed, his mind lapses into disconsolate philosophizing whenever he is alone, complaining unremittently. We also realise how prone he is to making sweeping statements, using the pronouns We and us, when his observations on human sociology appertain mainly to himself. This links to the next passage, when he remarks to Ophelia that men are arrant knaves, all of us. Furthermore, Hamlet states death is the undiscovered country [from whose bourn no traveller returns. Depending on how one interprets this line, it may reveal that Hamlet is prone to ndulging in grandiose and melodramatic axioms, without consulting memory first. For his father returns, at least in spirit, to the mortal realm- he has witnessed the spectre himself. This tendency to give in to his dramatic side links to his rash conflict with Laertes in the graveyard scene. Soliloquies are Just as important to play action as other sections because they illustrate crucial character features. Hamlets soliloquies are vital in establishing the mood and themes of the play. Without the soliloquies, Hamlet would remain an entertaining revenge drama. But hat enigmatic and sordid quality which suffuses the tragedy would be significantly diminished. The soliloquies, triggered by self-doubt and distress at the corruption of Denmark, explore the dimensions of the human character through Hamlets sordid contemplation. The play becomes a dense examination of how external difficulties (the incestuous marriage between Hamlets mother and uncle, the unweeded garden of the Kingdom, the onus of forced revenge) affect man psychologically. We see the self-directed anger and torment in his second soliloquy- IJ a dull and muddy- ettled rascal, peak/ like a John-a-dreams, unpregnant of my cause,] and can say nothing- no, not for a king. A heart-wrenching hopelessness is also established. Hamlet knows that he has all the motive in the world to kill Claudius- the man murdered his father, married his mother, and usurped his rightful position on the throne. The spectre of his fathers spirit demanded revenge. And yet, he cannot act, and he doesnt know why. Fie uponit! Foh! he explodes, when he realises that all his ranting on the remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindles villain mean nothing in he end, because it achieves nothing. Even through remarking on his procrastination, he is still procrastinating. The third soliloquy is structured similarly to a scholars argument; but the subject of this contention is weighty- to be, or not to be. To live, or to die. He desires the latter, but, a coward, fearful of What dreams may come after death, he resigns himself to life. This theme of death hangs over the entire play; we see Hamlets ideas develop on it later during the graveyard scene. Soliloquies affect

Artificial IntelligenceCognitive Ability of Inform Essay Example For Students

Artificial IntelligenceCognitive Ability of Inform Essay ation Processing Artificial Intelligence: Cognitive Ability or Information Processing Computers have become an integral part of our everyday lives. We rely upon these machines to perform innumerable tasks that we often take for granted. Most people realize that computers are able to perform the multitude of functions as a consequence of the programming they receive. These programs give computers a set of instructions that governs their transition from one information processing state to another. Thus, computational machines are able to respond to a certain set of inputs with a certain range of outputs. In order to comprehend programs one needs only to describe these instructions in functional terms. In this regard, computer programs are extremely similar to functional accounts of the human mind, which contend that in order to understand the mind, one must simply examine the relationship between stimulus and behavior. Consequently, the question has naturally arisen as to whether a computer which consisted of a sufficiently sophisticated program would be capable of thought. This question has resulted in lively debate, with one camp of people including John R. Searle emphatically denying the plausibility of Artificial Intelligence. On the other side of the debate, individuals such as Paul and Patricia Churchland have declared that although a serial machine with a program might not be able to think, Artificial Intelligence might be feasible in parallel processing computers. In Is the Brains Mind a Computer Program, John R. Searle presents an interesting argument against strong artificial intelligence proponents. Believers of strong artificial intelligence contend that a computer that can pass the Turing test is displaying cognitive ability. The Turing test basically states that if a computer can function in such a way that an expert can not distinguish its performance from that of a human who has a certain cognitive ability, such as the ability to understand a language, then the computer also has that ability. Proponents of weak artificial intelligence have a much less forceful view which states that if a computer can pass the Turing test it is merely a successful model of the mind. In his essay, it is the strong AI proponents whom Searle is critiquing. Searles argument against artificial intelligence can essentially be summed up in three simple statements: (1) Computer programs are formal/syntactic (2) Human minds have mental contents or semantics (3) Syntax by itself is neither constitutive of nor sufficient for semantics. From these three statements Searle concludes that, Programs are neither constitutive of nor sufficient for minds. In order to illustrate his argument, Searle then utilizes the so called Chinese room argument. The Chinese room simulation commences with a person who has no knowledge of the Chinese language. This person is then placed into a room containing baskets full of Chinese symbols. In addition, this individual is provided with a rule book (in a language which he or she presumably understands) for matching Chinese symbols with other Chinese symbols. The rules identify these characters solely in terms of their shapes and do not require any comprehension of them. The argument then asks that you imagine that there are people outside the room who understand Chinese and who hand this person symbols which pose certain questions. In response, this person manipulates these symbols according to the provided rule book, and hands back certain symbols. The symbols that this individual returns, unknown to the person inside the room, are answers to the questions which these native Chinese speakers are posing. Furthermore, this rule book makes this persons answers indistinguishable from a native Chinese speakers. Hence, this individual would be able to satisfy the Turing test for comprehension of the Chinese language, although he does not actually have any understanding of the language. .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 , .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 .postImageUrl , .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 , .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76:hover , .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76:visited , .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76:active { border:0!important; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76:active , .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76 .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9f330d66cddfb86ed9977e08f214bb76:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: That our intention judgeth our actions Essay Searle then makes the analogy between the rule book and a computer program, the person and the computer, and the symbols and a computers data base to decisively demonstrate that symbol manipulating devices are not enough for cognition. In Searles opinion, computers can never be minds because they are inherently different from brains. He argues that brains do not merely instantiate a program but also cause mental events by virtue of specific neuro biological processes. Searle is essentially making the contention .